(mōmekameka hononga porowhita(e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā tono uaua pērā i ngā ararewa peere i roto i ngā tipu sima me ngā kawe pungarehu/waro i roto i ngā tipu hiko. E hiahia ana ēnei wāhanga ki tētahi huinga ahurei o te pakeketanga o te mata hei ātete ki te kakahu me te matua pakari, ngāwari hei tu atu i te pānga me te ngenge)
Ko te whāinga he waihanga i tētahi anga hohonu, pakari hoki mō te whakarewa, e piri pai ana ki te pūtake. He maha ngā mahi nui o te tukanga:
Hipanga 1: Te Maimoatanga i mua (Whiringa)
- Tukanga: Te Whakaōrite.
- Te Kaupapa: Hei whakapai ake i te hanganga o te witi me te whakapai ake i te ngāwari o te miihini/whakarewa o ngā hononga mekameka mata.
- Tawhā Tohutoro: Whakamahanahia ngā hononga ki te 880–920°C ka waiho kia whakamatao i te hau.
Hipanga 2: Te Whakakākahu
Koinei te tukanga matua e horahia ai te waro ki te mata. Ko te whakapūkara hau te tikanga tino noa, te tikanga ka taea te whakahaere mō ēnei mahi.
- Te Kaupapa: Hei whakarei ake i te nui o te waro i te mata, kia tino mārō ai i muri i te tineia.
- Pāmahana: 880–930°C. He mea nui te whakahaere pāmahana ōrite kia ōrite te hohonu o te kēhi.
- Āhuarangi: He āhuarangi whai waro, he hau werawera te nuinga, he mea whai warowaihā pēnei i te methane, te propane rānei. Me āta whakahaere te pūmanawa waro.
- Pūmanawa Waro: Kia mau ki te 0.8–1.0% kia eke ki te kukū waro mata tino pai mō te pakeketanga mōrahi, me te kore e nui rawa ngā waro.
- Wā: Ka whakatauhia e te hohonutanga o te take e hiahiatia ana. Ka whakawhirinaki te horapa ki te wā. Hei tauira:
- Mō te hōhonutanga o te kēhi 1.0 mm: Tata ki te 8–10 hāora.
- Mō te hōhonutanga o te anga 1.5 mm: He roa ake te wā.
- Ngā Whakatakotoranga Hōhonu: Mō ngā mekameka taumaha, me nui te hōhonutanga o te pouaka.
- Ture Matua: Ko te hohonutanga o te whakapūkara he 0.1 te wā o te whānui o te pae tae atu ki te 0.21 te wā o te whānui o te pae e tohua ana e ngā kaihanga.
- Te Hōhonutanga Tino: I te nuinga o te wā kei waenga i te 0.5 mm ki te 2.0 mm, ā, ko te 1.0–1.5 mm te mea noa mō ngā tono para me te sima.
Hipanga 3: Te Whakatio
- Te Kaupapa: Hei huri i te paparanga mata waro-nui hei hanganga martensitic mārō, ātete ki te kakahu.
- Waenga: Ko te hinu te mea e pai ana mō ēnei maitai koranu. Mā te tinei hinu ka tere te whakamatao kia pakari ai, me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hē me te ngatata e pā ana ki te tinei wai.
- Mahana: He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te hinu kua werahia i te 60–80°C kia ōrite ake te tere whakamatao.
Hipanga 4: Te whakamahana
- Te Kaupapa: Hei whakamama i ngā ahotea o roto i puta mai i te tinei, hei whakaiti i te pakarukaru, hei whakatutuki i te taurite whakamutunga o te pakeketanga me te pakari.
- Te Pāmahana me te Wā:
- Mō te pakeketanga o te mata (hei tauira, 58-62 HRC), whakamahanatia ki te pāmahana iti o te 150–200°C mō te 1-2 hāora.
- Mena e hiahiatia ana he paku iti ake te pakeke engari he nui ake te pakari, ka taea te whakamahi i te pāmahana whakamahana o te 400–450°C.
Hipanga 5: Whai muri i te Maimoatanga (Whiringa engari e taunakitia ana)
- Te Whakamātautau: Ka pupuhihia e tēnei tukanga te mata o te mekameka ki ngā mea porowhita iti, ka puta he ahotea toenga pēhi. Ka whakapai ake tēnei i te kaha o te ngenge, he mea nui mō ngā mekameka e pāngia ana e te utaina huringa auau.
Te Ine i te Hōhonutanga o te Take
Koinei te whakamātautau tino hira hei whakarite kia hohonu te paparanga warowaihā kia tu atu ai i te kakahu me te kore e hinga te anga i raro i te kawenga.
- Te Hōhonutanga Take Whai Hua: Ka tautuhia tēnei ko te tawhiti poutū mai i te mata ki tētahi pūwāhi ka heke te pakeke ki tētahi uara motuhake, ko te tikanga he 550 HV (52 HRC rānei).
- Tukanga: Ka orohia te wāhanga whakawhiti o te hononga mekameka, ka whakairohia (he maha ngā wā ka whakamahia te nital), ā, ka tirohia i raro i te karu hiko. Ka hangaia he kōhao mō te pakeketanga iti hei whakatau i te hohonutanga tika e heke ai te pakeketanga ki te 550 HV.
- Paearu Whakaae: Me tutuki te hohonu o te take whai hua i inehia ki te uara iti rawa kua tohua (hei tauira, ≥1.0 mm, kia rite rānei ki te ture `0.1 x diameter`) ā, kia ōrite te porowhita o te hononga.
Tātaritanga Whakarewa
- Hanganga Moroiti: Ka whakamahia he karu hiko whakarewa hei tirotiro i te wāhanga whakawhiti kua whakairohia. Ko te whāinga he manatoko i tētahi anga martensitic pai te kiri, me te nekehanga āta ki tētahi hanganga matua pakari. Kaua e whai whatunga nui o ngā karawiti rohe kiri, ka taea ai te pakarukaru.
Whakamātautau Mīhini
- Te Kaha Pakaru: Ka kumea ngā mekameka tauira ki te pakaru i roto i te mīhini whakamātautau kume hei manatoko kei te tutuki, kei te hipa rānei i te kawenga pakaru iti rawa kua tohua e ngā paerewa pēnei i te DIN 764, DIN 766 rānei mō te taumata e tika ana (hei tauira, Tau 2, Tau 3 rānei).
Wā tuku: Maehe-23-2026
